Overview of Antibiotic Utilization for Surgical Patients Using ATC/DDD and DU90% Methods at Otanaha Hospital

Abstract

One of the medical actions to cure a disease is surgery, but in this action the patient is prone to infection. Antibiotics are often used to prevent infection. According to the Antimicrobial Resistance in Indonesia (AMRIN) study, 42% of antibiotic use is indicated to be inappropriate in surgical patients which causes the risk of resistance. To reduce the incidence of antibiotic resistance, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC)/Defined Daily Dose (DDD) method to evaluate antibiotic use and this method can also be used in conjunction with the 90% Drug Utilization (DU) method. This study aims to determine the description of antibiotic use in surgical patients using the ATC/DDD and DU 90% methods at Otanaha Hospital, Gorontalo City. This research design is descriptive quantitative research with retrospective data collection. This research data is all medical record data of surgical patients who use antibiotics and have met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the period January-December 2024. A total sample of 474 medical record data was obtained. The results showed that the total use of antibiotics was 97.11 DDD/100 bed-days, with the highest DDD value in the use of ceftriaxon antibiotics 45.88 DDD/100 bed-days and the least was azithromicin 0.12 DDD/100 bed-days and antibiotics included in the DU 90% segment were ceftriaxone antibiotics, metronidazole by oral and parenteral routes, cefoperazone, meropenem and cefixime. In conclusion, the consumption rate of antibiotic use in surgical patients at Otanaha Regional General Hospital is still quite high. Therefore, it is hoped that the results of this study can help the hospital in monitoring the use of antibiotics in surgical patients so as to increase the effectiveness of their use.