Formulation and Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Impatiens balsamina Leaf Cream Against Propionibacterium acnes

Abstract

Treatment of acne can be done by administering antibiotics orally or topically. Topical preparations have the advantage of longer contact time with the skin surface, allowing the active substance to be absorbed optimally. One alternative that can be used to prevent bacterial resistance is to utilize secondary metabolite compounds found in plants. Water henna (Impatiens balsamina) is one of the plants that has antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes. This study aims to determine the formulation, evaluation and test the antibacterial activity of cream preparations of ethanol extract of water henna leaves. This research begins with the preparation of extracts using the maceration meth od, after which testing the antibacterial activity of extracts and base optimization is carried out. The base was evaluated including organoleptic test, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesiveness, viscosity. The best base was selected to formulate the water henna leaf extract into a cream dosage form. The cream was formulated with variations of 20%, 25% and 30% extract concentrations. Antibacterial activity test was conducted using disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer). The results showed that all formulas had antibacterial activity with a strong category against Propionibacterium acnes, with inhibition power successively equal to F1 (11.07 mm), F2 (11.67 mm) and F3 (12.05 mm). Based on physical evaluation, all formulas generally meet the requirements, although F3 is not homogeneous and its spreadability has not met the requirements..